Recognize the Benefits of Active and Passive Fire Protection Systems
The fire protection system in buildings and the environment consists of equipment, fittings and facilities. Whether it is installed or built in a building that is used for the purpose of an active protection system, a passive protection system or management methods in the framework of protection.
The protection in question relates to the risk of fire. This protection system has requirements that must be met. In general, it includes access and water supply for firefighting, rescue facilities, building utilities.
In addition, it must also meet the requirements of fire prevention, management of protection systems in buildings, supervision, control, passive and active protection. Especially for active and passive protection systems, they have different characteristics that need to be discussed.
Active Protection System
In a fire protection system, it is necessary to pay attention to the selection of the right method. The goal is for effectiveness and efficiency. Because between active and passive certainly has a fundamental difference.
Active protection systems refer to detection and countermeasures that assist the extinguishing process. This includes technologies that directly detect and warn of fire risks, examples such as below.
1. Detector installation
Detectors consist of various types including heat, smoke, gas, and flame detectors. This tool will set off an alarm to signal a fire risk.
2. Alarm Installation
The automatic alarm becomes one with the detector, it will sound when there is an indicator of heat, smoke, gas or fire. Manual alarm must be activated by human power, the position is stored in the glass case when not in use.
3. Provision of fire extinguishers
Light Fire Extinguishers (APAR) are bright red in color and come in various sizes and compositions. This tool is light and can be operated by one person only. Every user or occupant of the building is required to attend operational training.
4. Hydrant Provision
The active fire protection system also includes the provision of hydrants. It consists of a hose, nozzle, water reservoir and pipe system. This equipment will spray high pressure water when needed to extinguish the fire.
5. Automatic Sprinklers
Sprinklers are often found in a room. The heat sensor from the surrounding environment will trigger an alarm. Then this sprinkler will automatically spray water around it with a wide range.
Passive Protection System
The difference with an active fire protection system is the use of fire suppression equipment. Not directly related to warning or fire prevention, but implemented through the arrangement of building components so as to support fire prevention efforts.
Prevention and passive protection are formed through regulating the use of materials, structural components, compartmentalization or separation of buildings based on the level of fire resistance, as well as protection against openings.
This arrangement provides an effective alternative to active fire protection and prevention systems to protect against fires. Which does not need to be operated by humans, does not change shape either under normal circumstances or when engulfed in flames.
For example the use of fire resistant materials, construction, doors and windows. This prevents the fire from spreading quickly even if a fire occurs. The same thing also applies to furniture and decorations that are coated with fire-resistant and non-combustible materials.
Passive protection includes arrangement of building plans and access points. Both must be planned in such a way that building occupants can access emergency evacuation routes quickly.
Layout plans and access routes also make it easier for firefighters to extinguish fires and carry out evacuations. Other elements can be fire retardant layers such as smoke dampers and fire dampers.
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