Definition of What is EIA
EIA or AMDAL (in Indonesia), has become a familiar aspect among companies. EIA stands for Environmental Impact Analysis, which of course, every component of life must be familiar with and, of course, related to this one aspect. Almost every aspect of life is related to EIA( Environmental Impact Analysis) because all environmental aspects and their impacts must be considered and are important.
Discussion on EIA has been included in Government Regulation Number 29 of 1986. EIA is an analysis of the impact of an activity on the environment and the earth around it.
EIA ( Environmental Impact Analysis) studies are important for the government sector, companies, and even the community because everything they want to do must have a good EIA policy. This means that the EIA study becomes a determinant for the formation of policies that prioritize environmental sustainability around the construction site.
For example, a production company is located in a certain neighborhood close to residential areas. Of course, the company is obliged to carry out an EIA draft so that the company’s activities do not pollute the soil, water, or sound in the environment near the settlement.
Purpose and Type of EIA
Before discussing the benefits of EIA ( Environmental Impact Analysis), it is necessary to know the purpose and the various types of EIA itself. In order for the EIA to be understood and understood, consider the purpose of having an EIA in the following aspects of life:
- As proof of responsibility for environmental preservation for future generations
- The EIA aims to ensure a quality living environment
- To avoid environmental impacts that are harmful to society
- Shaping the balance of resources as well as the population of the local community
- As a resource that can be renewed and recycled
The purpose of having an EIA study is clear to review the impact on the environment or the earth. Because basically, humans and the environment must form a balance so that natural disasters are not caused by humans themselves.
After knowing the purpose of the EIA, the next thing you need to know is the types of EIA itself. After knowing the various types, the discussion will move on to the benefits of EIA for various aspects. Therefore, there are 5 types of EIA that need to be known, namely:
1. Single EIA
This type of EIA is an activity or study of a single environmental preservation project that is regulated by a supervisory agency. The easiest examples of a single type of EIA are hospital review projects, power plant projects, and the like.
2. Sectoral EIA
Sectoral EIA is an activity and study of impacts on the environment that is carried out sectorally. The reason is that the determination of the EIA (Environmental Impact Analysis) review is stipulated by the sectoral minister. For example, a toll road construction project.
3. Social EIA
The third type of EIA is the social EIA, in which the EIA review is carried out by a social enterprise. In its application, it certainly involves the authority of more than one social agency.
For example, the EIA project to build a school for scavenger children around the Bantar Gebang TPA.
4. Regional EIA
As the name suggests, namely regional EIA, this type contains important impacts of activities or businesses within the scope of a region. This type of regional EIA usually has a wider scope than the previous types. For example, the mangrove planting project in the Kutawaru area, Cilacap.
5. Integrated EIA
The last type of EIA is integrated EIA, which in general, is not much different from social EIA. What distinguishes the two is the focus and study system.
If the social EIA focuses on social aspects, then the integrated EIA contains a bigger and more integrated impact.
An example of an integrated EIA is an integrated residential development, industrial and factory development. Therefore, it is not surprising that this type of EIA has a wider scope and is sometimes more complicated.
4 Benefits of EIA in Various Aspects
The definition, purpose, and types of EIA have been discussed and understood. So, next is a discussion of the benefits of EIA. The benefits of the EIA study and project itself must be seen from various sides, such as the government, investors and project owners, and the community.
It is mandatory for any party to feel the benefits of an EIA study or project. The following are 4 benefits of EIA that need attention and can be seen from various aspects:
1. EIA for the Government
The benefits of EIA for the government are actually more related to policy formation. The government has higher authority than any party. Therefore, the benefit of having an EIA is to help prevent more severe environmental damage and pollution.
In addition, the EIA project has benefits for the government; this project can be used as a form of government responsibility in preserving and protecting the environment. The ultimate goal remains the same, namely to avoid conflicts or disasters that will endanger the community.
2. EIA for Capital Owners
The owner of capital here can be exemplified as a bank that holds power over the capital for entrepreneurs. The benefit of having an EIA for capital owners is that it is easy to provide loan capital for a development or project.
That is if a party borrows capital from a bank to build a project and the EIA of the project is good and of good quality. So, it is an obligation for banks to provide loans for this development.
3. EIA for Project Owners
The next benefit of EIA is for project owners or companies, where EIA is key for a company. The EIA will be beneficial for the project owner because it will guarantee that project development will continue without having to violate the applicable laws and regulations.
An example is when there is construction of a housing complex; of course, the developer must have a good EIA. So that way, the government and capital owners will give permission easily. In addition, the community also did not feel disturbed by this development.
4. EIA for the Community
The last benefit is for the community or residents. Having an EIA is useful for the community to know about certain development plans. In addition, the community can also become supervisors of projects that are being implemented.
The EIA for the community is useful so that the community is more attentive and aware of the development of various projects, for example, in the construction of a national park in which the community is obliged to take part in informing the developer so as not to disturb animal habitats and so on.
Those are various discussions and information about EIA that should be known. The application of EIA is certainly required to go through various processes that are not brief. However, if you choose the EIA service from the SUCOFINDO agency, the EIA study will be easy and short to do.
SUCOFINDO has complete EIA testing, analysis, consulting, and training facilities. Therefore, for the community, capital owners, or companies who want to get full and quality EIA benefits, there is nothing wrong with using the best facilities.
